University of South Carolina opened to all races.Two Blacks B.A. Boseman and Francis L. Cardozo were elected to seven-man board of trustees.

Jefferson F. Long, a merchant and tailor, was born in Knoxville, Georgia. He became the first African American from Georgia elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, serving two months and 9 days.

Thomas L.Jennings IS THE FIRST BLACK TO BE GRANTED A PATENT INTHE

UNITED STATES FOR HIS TECHNIQUE TO DRY- SCOUR CLOTHES.

Carole Gist crowned first black Miss USA.

Rodney King is beaten by a group of white policemen in Los Angeles, Calif

Andrew Jackson Young, Jr. was born on this day.

African actress and singer Miriam Makeba born in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Long was born a slave in Knoxville, Georgia on March 3, 1836.

The Freemans Bureau was established by Congress on March 3, 1865. The bureau was designed to protect the interests of former slaves. This included helping them to find new employment and to improve educational and health facilities. In the year that followed the bureau spent $17,000,000 establishing 4,000 schools, 100 hospitals and providing homes and food for former slaves.

The Freemans Bureau also helped to establish Howard University in Washington in 1867. Instigated by the Radical Republicans in Congress it was named after General Oliver Howard, a civil War hero and commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees and a leading figure in the Freemans Bureau.

Attempts by Congress to extend the powers of the Freemens Bureau was vetoed by President Andrew Johnson in February, 1866. This increased the conflict between Johnson and the Radical Republicans in Congress.

Roberta Alexander is an internationally famous American opera soprano. After performing in numerous operas in the United States and Europe, she established herself as one of the leading American sopranos in the latter quarter of the twentieth century, both on the operatic stage and as an orchestral soloist. Over her career, Alexander has recorded for most of the major labels of that musical genre, including BMG, Philips, Sony, and Teldec.

Roberta Alexander was born in Lynchburg, Virginia, on March 3, 1949. She was born into a musicians’ family: her father was a choral conductor and her mother was a singer. When she was two, her family moved to Ohio where she grew up. She studied music in three institutions: Central State University, then at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor from 1969 to 1971, receiving a Master’s Degree in Music in 1971, and finally at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague in the Netherlands with Herman Woltman, beginning in 1971.

At the age of twenty-three, Alexander moved to the Netherlands where she made her debut in the Netherlands Opera in 1975 in La cambiale di matrimonio (Rossini). In 1980 (at the age of thirty-one), she interpreted Pamina in The Magic Flute (Mozart) in the Houston Grand Opera: it marked her debut in the United States as a recognized opera singer. She then made her debut performance with the Santa Fe Opera under conductor John Crosby, singing Daphné (Strauss) in 1981. She played Elettra in Idomeneo (Mozart) in Zürich, Switzerland in 1982. In November 1983, she joined the Metropolitan Opera in New York City to interpret the role of Zerlina in Don Giovanni (Mozart). She made her debut at the Royal Opera in London, UK in 1984 with La bohème (Puccini).

In the 1990s, Roberta Alexander was often cited as one of the most important American sopranos. Her career history as a black singer in an overwhelmingly white opera environment led her to face occasional prejudices and discriminations as in 1996 when people advised her not to do the Marschallin in Der Rosenkavalier

Hergé , pen name of Georgés Remi (born May 22, 1907, Etterbeek, near Brussels, Belg.—died March 3, 1983, Brussels), Belgian cartoonist who created the comic strip hero Tintin, a teenage journalist. Over the next 50 years, Tintin’s adventures filled 23 albums and sold 70 million copies in some 30 languages. Throughout the years the young reporter remained recognizably the same, with his signature blond quiff and his plus fours.

Hergé, whose pen name derived from the pronunciation of his transposed initials, published his first comic strip—Totor, de la Patrouille des Hannetons (“Totor of the June Bug Patrol”), for Le Boy-Scout Belge (“The Belgian Boy Scout”)—at age 19. In 1929 he created Tintin for the children’s supplement (a weekly feature called Le Petit Ventième) of the daily newspaper Le Vingtième Siècle. Tintin’s first adventure was later published as the album Tintin in the Land of the Soviets, but it was not until 1958 that The Black Island became the first Tintin album in English translation. It was followed, with growing success, by other albums taking Tintin and his friends on adventures in many different countries (though Hergé himself traveled little, preferring to live quietly in Brussels). The stories, which appealed to children because of their gentle humour and eventful plots, were never violent; the villains might be menacing and the plots filled with action, but in almost every case heroes and villains emerged largely unscathed. The drawings, especially in the later albums, lovingly portray the details of Tintin’s world, though they clearly reflect the attitudes of the era.

A museum dedicated to the work of Hergé, designed by French architect Christian de Portzamparc, opened in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belg., in June 2009.

Roberta Flacks The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face is named Song and Record of the Year at the Grammys.

Jacqueline Joyner-Kersee TRACK & FIELD Birthplace: East St. Louis, Illinois March 3, 1962 - Jacqueline Joyner-Kersee is part of a the Joyner family of Americantrack-and-field stars. Jackie first gained national attention by winning 4consecutive National Junior Pentathlon Championships. She set the heptathlonworld record (7,291 points) at the 1988 Olympics. In 1988, she was the firstwoman selected Athlete of the Year by the Sporting News. This impressive female athlete earned theU.S. record and won the World Championship for the long jump twice (1987 and 1991). In 1992, shebecame the first winner of back-to-back gold medals in the heptathlon event. Jackie retired from track andfield, and joined one of the new womens professional basketball leagues.

Born in Baltimore on March 3. Murray, an African-American,

was assistant librarian of Congress, and a collector of books and pamphlets by and about

black Americans.

Congress chartered Freedmens Savings and Trust Bank with business confined to Blacks.

Missouri Compromise encated. The measure prohibited slavery to the north of southern boundary of Missouri.

A tailor living in New York City, NY Invented a

method for the dry cleaning of clothes

U.S. Patent 3306X (March 3, 1821)

Robert F. Flemming, Jr. patents a guitar.

Hiram R. Revels elected to the U.S. Senate by the Mississippi legislature, becoming the first Black US Senator in the US

. He was elected to fill the unexpired term of Jefferson Davis. The term ended on March 3, 1871.

He was born Anthony Terrell Smith on March 3, 1966 to Margaret Smith, who was the manager of a retirement home and James Smith.

Herschel Walker was born on March 3, 1962, in Wrightsville, Georgia. He was born to Willis and Christine Walker and was one of the seven siblings. Walker attended Johnson County High School in Wrightsville. As a child, Walker showed little interest in sports rather he preferred reading books and writing poetry. In high school, Walker developed an interest in sports and played football, basketball and competed in track. In high school he played for the for the Johnson County Trojans High School Football team from 1976 to 1979. He helped the Trojans to win their first state championship. In 1979, he was awarded the first Dial Award.

Walker attended University of Georgia where he was a three time All-American and winner of the Heisman Trophy and Maxwell Award. He set an NCAA freshman rushing record and helped win the national collegiate football title. He set 10 NCAA records, 15 Southeast Conference records, 30 Georgia all-time records.

In 1983, Walker joined the United States Football League, where he intended to go professional before graduating.  He signed with the New Jersey Generals which was owned by Oklahoma oil tycoon J. Walter Duncan, who later sold the team to Donald Trump. Walker won the USFL rushing title in 1983. While being a part of USFL, Walker had 5,562 yards rushing in 1,143 carries, averaging 4.87 yards. In 1985, The Dallas Cowboys acquired Walker’s National Football League rights by drafting him in the fifth round of the 1985 NFL Draft. He became the first backfield tandem in NFL history during the first two years. Walker had NFL career highs of 1,514 rushing yards and 505 receiving yards, which made him become a one-man offense and became the premier NFL running back in 1988. Walker became the 10th Player in NFL history to amass more than 2000 combined rushing and receiving yards, during which he achieved two consecutive Pro Bowls.

In 1989, he was traded to the Minnesota Vikings by the Cowboys in exchange of five players. This became a good turning point for the Cowboys. Minnesota Vikings

During the height of the Civil War, Congress passed this act which mandated military service for all men between the ages of twenty and forty five.

The 38th and 41st Infantry regiments were joined and became the 24th Infantry Regiment, the third of four proposed African American regiments in teh U.S. Army. Following the Civil War the regiment was poted in Texas from 1869 to 1880.

Martyrs Day in Malawi

The ethnic groups of Africa number in the thousands, each generally having its own language (or dialect of a language) and culture. The ethnolinguistic groups include various Afro-Asiatic, Khoisan, Niger-Congo and Nilo-Saharan populations.

The official population count of the various ethnic groups in Africa has in some instances been controversial because certain groups believe populations are blatantly misreported to give other ethnicities numerical superiority (as in the case of Nigerias Hausa, Fulani, Yoruba and Igbo people).[1] [2] [3]

The following ethnic groups number 5 million people or more:

Kongo in Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola and Republic of the Congo (c. 10 million)

Kanuri in Nigeria,[4] Niger,[5] Chad [6] and Cameroon [7] (c. 10 million)

Oromo in Ethiopia (c. 30 million)

Amhara in Ethiopia (c. 25 million)

Somali in Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia and Kenya (c. 16-19 million)

Afar in Eritrea, Djibouti and Ethiopia(c. 4-5 million)

Maghrebis in Maghreb (c. 110 million), including Berbers in Mauritania, Morocco (including Western Sahara), Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya (c. 30 million)

Egyptians in Egypt (c. 91 million), including Copts in Egypt and Sudan (c. 15 million) and tribes such as the two largest in North Sinai, the al-Tarabin tribe and the al-Sawarka tribe.[8]

Hutu in Rwanda, Burundi, and Democratic Republic of Congo (c. 15 million)

Yoruba in Nigeria, Benin, Togo, Ghana, Ivory Coast and Sierra Leone (c. 40 million)

^ Onuah, Felix (29 December 2006). Nigeria gives census result, avoids risky details. Reuters. Retrieved 2008-11-23.

^ Lewis, Peter (2007). Growing Apart: Oil, Politics, and Economic Change in Indonesia and Nigeria. University of Michigan Press. p. 132. ISBN 0-472-06980-2 . Retrieved 2008-11-23.

^ Suberu, Rotimi T. (2001). Federalism and Ethnic Conflict in Nigeria. US Institute of Peace Press. p. 154. ISBN 1-929223-28-5 . Retrieved 2008-12-18.

^ a b c d The World Factbook: Nigeria. World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency . Retrieved 2013-12-31.

^ a b c d

Thomas L. Jennings was the first black man to receive a patent. The patent was awarded on March 3, 1821 (US Patent 3306x) for his discovery of a process called dry-scouring which was the forerunner of today’s modern dry-cleaning.  Jennings was born free in New York City, New York in 1791.  In his early 20s he became a tailor but then opened a dry cleaning business in the city.  While running his business Jennings developed dry-scouring.   

The patent to Jennings generated considerable controversy during this period.  Slaves at this time could not patent their own inventions; their effort was the property of their master. This regulation dated back to the US patent laws of 1793.  The regulation was based on the legal presumption that the master is the owner of the fruits of the labor of the slave both manual and intellectual.” Patent courts also held that slaves were not citizens and therefore could not own rights to their inventions. In 1861 patent rights were finally extended to slaves.  

Thomas Jennings, however, was a free man and thus was able to gain exclusive rights to his invention and profit from it.  Jennings was a passionate abolitionist who used the income from his invention to free the rest of his family from slavery and fund abolitionist causes. He served as assistant secretary of the First Annual Convention of the People of Color which met in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in June 1831.  

Thomas Jennings died in New York City in 1856.

Thomas L. Jennings - Mr. Jennings was the first African-American to have patented an invention. In 821, Mr. Jennings was issued a patent for a dry-cleaning process known as dry scouring. An activist for the rights of African Americans, he served as Assistant Secretary of the first annual Convention of the People of Color in June 1831 in Philadelphia.

A memorandum sent to field offices of the FBI set goals for what was termed as a new counterintelligence program against African American Nationalist groups. The objective was to block attempts by targeted groups to coalesce, grow and exist. The agencey believed unity was the first step toward a Mau-Mau-style uprising in the United States and the beginning of an Black Revolution. The FBI hierarchy further believed their efforts would prevent the rise of a Black Messiah who could unify and electrify the masses. Top candidates for this leadership position were Malcolm X and Martin Luther King, Jr.