Dr. Benjamin Quarles, Historian

BlackFacts Details

Dr. Benjamin Quarles, Historian

Dr. Benjamin Quarles, born in Boston in 1904 and a graduate of English High School, became an eminent 20th-century African-American historian. He is the author ofThe Negro in the Making of America, Black Abolitionists, Lincoln and the Negro, The Negro in the American Revolution, and a definitive study of Frederick Douglass. He is now Professor Emeritus of history at Morgan State College in Baltimore.

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Wig Manufacturer

The largest wig manufacturer in Boston in the early 1900s was Gilbert C. Harris. By 1910 his mail-order business was the largest of its kind in New England, supplying theatrical stock companies throughout the country.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Racial Imbalance Act

The Massachusetts Racial Imbalance Act, spearheaded by Boston's African-American community, was passed in 1965, making Massachusetts the first state in the nation to outlawde facto segregation in a school district.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Commissioners of Public Health

The first African-American to hold the position of Commissioner of Public Health in Massachusetts was Dr. Bailus Walker, appointed in 1984. He was followed by another African-American, Dr. Deborah Prothow-Smith, Commissioner from 1987 to 1989, the first woman to hold this position.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Boston Bank of Commerce

Incorporated on June 30, 1982, with Juan M. Cofield as its leading founder and president from 1982-1983, Boston Bank of Commerce is the only fully insured Black-owned and operated bank in Boston and New England. A successor to Unity Bank and Trust, Boston's first Black-owned Bank, the Boston Bank

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Coburn's Gaming House

John P. Coburn (1811-1873), a prosperous clothing dealer and property owner, hired the famous Boston architect Asher Benjamin to design a home which he eventually used as a gaming house. Built in 1843 and still standing at the corner of Phillips and Irving Streets on Beacon Hill, Coburn's Gaming

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Housing Discrimination Victories

In 1989 the Boston branch of the NAACP won two major lawsuits for housing discrimination . Both cases were unique because they were the 'first of their kind' in the country to award individuals monetary compensation, according to Attorney Dianne Wilkerson, the NAACP Housing Committee

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Histrionic Club

The Histrionic Club, the first Black drama group in Boston, was founded in the late 1840s. Many of the plays it produced were written by William C. Nell.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

First Black Woman in Legislature

Doris Bunte was the first African-American woman to serve in the Massachusetts legislature. Elected in 1972, she served as state representative until 1985.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

In 1983 Mel King changed Boston's political history when he became the first Black mayoral candidate in the city's history to win a preliminary election and run in the general election for control of Boston City Hall. While defeated in the runoff by Ray Flynn, he gathered 30 percent of the general

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Pioneering Teacher of Reading

Wilhelmina Crosson, one of the first African-American teachers in the Boston Public Schools (1923-1949), started her career at the Hancock School in the North End. Working in the Italian-American community with first-generation Italian children, she instituted the first remedial reading program in

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Orthopedic Surgeon-in-Chief

In 1978 when Dr. Augustus A. White II became Orthopedic Surgeon-in-Chief at Boston's Beth Israel Hospital, which is affiliated with Harvard Medical School, he became the first African-American to serve as chairman of a clinical department in a major teaching hospital. He is the senior co-author

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

National Negro Business League

The National Business League was founded in Boston in 1900 by Booker T. Washington 'to bring the colored people who are engaged in business together for consultation, and to secure information and inspiration from each other.' More than 400 business people from 34 states attended the convention in

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

First Black Professor of Dentistry

Dr. Joseph L. Henry was the first African-American professor at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine with his appointment in 1974. He created the department of oral diagnosis and oral radiology which he still heads. In 1978 Dr. Henry became the first African-American to become an Associate Dean at

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Library Trustee

Appointed to the position in 1984 and reappointed in 1990, BerthÃ© M. Gaines is the first African-American woman to serve as a trustee of the Boston Public Library and only the fourth woman to serve in the history of the Library, which was established in 1848. Her appointment followed a time of

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Bolling Family: Political Phenomenon

The Bolling family represented a phenomenon unprecedented in Boston politics in the early 1980s, when three members held elective office at the same time - Royal Bolling, Sr., served as state senator, while his son Royal Bolling, Jr., served as state representative, and his son Bruce Bolling served

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

NAACP Educational Counseling Committee

The Boston Branch of the NAACP founded its Educational Counseling Committee in 1948 to provide higher education information and guidance to Black young people in Boston high schools. Twenty years later in 1968 the Committee counseled over 340 students and awarded $20,000 in direct college aid to 60

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Black Newspaper Publisher

In 1838 Benjamin Roberts (who worked for The Liberator under William Lloyd Garrison) established the Anti-Slavery Herald, intended to be an anti-slavery journal by and for Blacks in Boston. Only a few issues were printed. In 1853 Roberts tried again establishing a Black paper called Self Elevator.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Bay State Banner

The Bay State Banner, Boston's African-American newspaper founded in 1965 and published by Melvin Miller, celebrated its 25th anniversary in 1990.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Harvard Phi Beta Kappa

In 1895 Boston's William Monroe Trotter became the first Black to receive a Phi Beta Kappa key from Harvard University.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Early Black Newspapers

The Afro-American Pressand Its Editors, the Boston Co-Operator, The Boston Leader, The Advocate, the Courant, and The Boston Observer were early Black newspapers in Boston during the 1880s and 1890s.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Dual Political Roles

Two African-American women have held simultaneously two elected political offices. Sandra Graham of Cambridge served as City Councilor in her city from 1971 to 1989 and served as a state representative in the Massachusetts legislature from 1977 to 1988. Shirley Owens-Hicks, while serving on the

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

'Dean' of Black Lawyers

Henry E. Quarles, Sr., born in Boston in 1906, and a graduate of Suffolk Law School in 1928, is considered 'The Dean' of Black lawyers in Boston. He holds the distinction of having the longest legal career - 61 years of practice as an attorney - in Boston. He received an Honorary Doctor of Law from

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Celebrant at Holy Cross Cathedral

Rev. John H. Dorsey, the second African-American priest in the American Catholic Church, celebrated Mass at the Cathedral of the Holy Cross in Boston's South End on August 17, 1902. The Pilot said of his stay in Boston: 'This young priest's visit to Boston has benefitted all classes.' The Guardian

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Musical Composer

Henry F. Williams, who was born in Boston in 1813, was an outstanding musician and composer for the violin and cornet, as well as the double bass, the viola, the violoncello, the baritone, the trombone, the tuba, and the pianoforte. He also arranged music for the Gilmore Band in Boston and was

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Prosperous Hat Maker

Stephen Jackson was a prosperous hat maker in Boston in the 1730s, when 'a man would as soon go without his head as go without a hat.'

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Slave Introduces Smallpox Vaccination

The ravages of smallpox were lessened in the 1700s because Onesimus, a slave to Cotton Mather in Boston, introduced an African vaccination practice that had made his body immune to the smallpox virus. Dr. Zabdiel Boylston of Boston inoculated some 240 people, following Onesimus's description of

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Long-Running TV Programs

'Say Brother,' produced by WGBH-TV (Channel 2) for the past 20 years, is the longest running television show targeted to the African-American and minority communities in Boston. 'Urban Update' (formerly 'Black News') on WHDH (Channel 7) is a close second with a nearly 18-year on-air history.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Top Black Businesses

In Black Enterprise magazine's listings of the top 100 Black companies and the 100 largest Black auto dealers in the United States during the late 1980s, a number of Boston area-based businesses made the lists: B.M.L. Associates (telecommunications); Grimes Oil Company (petroleum products

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

First African-American Superintendent

In 1985 Dr. Laval S. Wilson became the first African-American to hold the position of Superintendent of the Boston Public Schools in the history of the 354-year-old school system. He served as superintendent for five years, one of the longest tenures for an urban school superintendent.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Bay State Medical Association

African-American doctors, dentists, and pharmacists organized the Bay State Medical Association in 1930 to further their professional development and to provide charitable services to their community. The membership included more than 50 medical practitioners and was in existence until 1942.

fave

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Business Facts

Blackfacts BETA RELEASE 11.5.3
(Production Environment)