Greatest Cyclist

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Greatest Cyclist

Marshall W. 'Major' Taylor of Worcester, Massachusetts, was the greatest cyclist in the country in the 1890s and early 1900s. He was World Professional Bicycle Champion between 1908 and 1910.

Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Slavery Abolished in Massachusetts

The year 1773 saw increasing agitation among Blacks in Boston and Massachusetts for an end to slavery. On January 6, then in April, and again in May, they sent petitions first to royal General Thomas Gage and next to the Massachusetts legislature, denouncing slavery as destructive of natural rights

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

South End Physician

Dr. John B. Hall, Sr., served as the secretary of the South End Medical Society (a group of white physicians) from its beginning in 1926 until 1952. During his career as a prominent South End physician, Dr. Hall held posts as medical examiner for the Massachusetts Insurance Department and with the

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Black Heritage Trail

The Black Heritage Trail on Beacon Hill in Boston is a walking tour which explores the history of the city's 19th-century African-American community. The tour was started in 1963 as an informal walking tour of some 10 sites by J. Marcus Mitchell, the first curator of the Museum of Negro History

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Longest Tenure for a Black Minister

In 1980, Rev. Richard M. Owens completed 43 years of pastoring the historic Peoples Baptist Church, giving him the longest tenure for a Black minister in Boston's history. He was the first Black elected President of the American Baptist Convention of Massachusetts in 1969.

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Roland Hayes, Vocal Artist

Roland Hayes, who gained national and international fame as a classical concert artist, launched his career in Boston's Symphony Hall in 1917. He lived, studied, and worked in Boston and Brookline, Massachusetts, from 1912 until his death in 1977. In 1921 the noted tenor gave a command performance

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Black Nurses Admitted to City Hospital

Led by two Black doctors, W.O. Taylor and William Worthy, a committee of Black Bostonians that includedGuardian editor William Monroe Trotter successfully championed the cause of two Black high school graduates seeking admission to the nurses' training program at Boston's City Hospital in

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

55th Massachusetts Regiment

The 55th Massachusetts Regiment commanded by Colonel Hallowell of Boston acquitted itself valiantly during many Civil War battles, particularly in the battle of Honey Hill in South Carolina, where its determined resistance to advancing southern forces saved the lives of numerous Federal troops. In

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

First Court Child Care Center

The Roxbury District Court Child Care Center was the first court-affiliated drop-in care center in New England for families who must bring their children with them when they have court business. Roxbury District Court Judge Julian T. Houston, now a Superior Court judge, worked for four years to

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

First Black School Principal

Maria L. Baldwin of Cambridge became the first Black school principal in Massachusetts when she was appointed to head the Agassiz School in Cambridge in 1899. She remained in the position until 1922.

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Distinguished Psychiatrist

Dr. Alvin Poussaint, Associate Professor of Psychiatry at the Harvard Medical School, is a nationally recognized authority on the social and psychological dynamics related to African-American life and culture in this country. For more than 20 years his numerous articles on male-female

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Medical Director

In 1949 Dr. Charles D. Bonner (1917-1990) became the first Black physician appointed to the staff at Boston City Hospital. In 1968 he was appointed Medical Director of Youville Hospital in Cambridge. In 1979 he was elected president of the Massachusetts Heart Association. Dr. Bonner gained national

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Voting Rights for Blacks

Prominent businessman Paul Cuffe used his influence to petition the Massachusetts legislature for voting rights for Blacks and American Indians, which were later granted through court action in 1783.

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

In 1787 Prince Hall founded Boston's African Lodge Number 459, the first African Masonic Lodge in the country and the beginning of Black Masonry in the United States. The Lodge, currently located at 18 Washington Street in the Grove Hall section of Dorchester, is one of the few Masonic lodges

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Plymouth Hospital - 2nd Picture

Pictures: Operating room at Plymouth Hospital Dr. Cornelius Garlandctx_20th_Plymouth_Hosp_2 Nursing graduates of Plymouth Hospitalctx_20th_Plymouth_Hosp_3 Plymouth Hospital and Nurses' Training School, founded and operated by Dr. Cornelius Garland, a Black doctor, from 1908 to 1928, contributed to

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Leader in Barber Business

James Guilford, who owned and operated a barbering business in lower Roxbury from 1934 to 1973 ( Dunbar Barbers until 1945 and Jimmy Guilford's Men's Hair Salon until 1973), was state president of the Associated Master Barbers of Massachusetts, which included both white and Black barbers.

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Early Black Newspapers

The Afro-American Pressand Its Editors, the Boston Co-Operator, The Boston Leader, The Advocate, the Courant, and The Boston Observer were early Black newspapers in Boston during the 1880s and 1890s.

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Dual Political Roles

Two African-American women have held simultaneously two elected political offices. Sandra Graham of Cambridge served as City Councilor in her city from 1971 to 1989 and served as a state representative in the Massachusetts legislature from 1977 to 1988. Shirley Owens-Hicks, while serving on the

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

20th-Century First

Lawrence Banks, a Republican, became the first African-American from Boston to serve in the Massachusetts legislature in the 20th century, when he was elected from Ward 9 in 1946. Banks also won election to the Boston City Council in 1949.

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Pharmacist Doctor Jackson

For 50 years, from 1938-1988, Clarence Noel Jackson (1911-1988), Reg. Ph., owned and operated the Douglass Square Pharmacy in lower Roxbury. 'Dr. Jackson,' as he was called, a graduate of the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy in 1937, provided a community institution for health care throughout

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Secretary of Governor's Council

William L. Reed was the first Executive Secretary of the Massachusetts Governor's Council, serving from 1924 to 1942.

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

First Black Teacher

The first Black teacher in the Boston Public Schools is believed to have been Harriet L. Smith, who taught from 1890 (at the Sharp School on Beacon Hill) to 1917 (at the Bowdoin School on Beacon Hill). Her sister, Elizabeth N. Smith, taught from 1894-1896. Other Black teachers during early 1900s

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

First Black Landowner

Bostian Ken of Dorchester was perhaps the first Black landowner in Massachusetts. In 1656 he owned a house and lot in Dorchester, as well as more than 'four acres of land planted in wheat.'

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Edward L. Cooper, Sr.

In 1933 Edward L. Cooper, Sr., was the first African-American to be hired to manage a major food chain in Boston, the First National Store on Shawmut Avenue. From 1942-48 he was Deputy Secretary of the Urban League and served as Executive Secretary from 1948-54. From 1954-62 he served as the first

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Commissioners of Public Health

The first African-American to hold the position of Commissioner of Public Health in Massachusetts was Dr. Bailus Walker, appointed in 1984. He was followed by another African-American, Dr. Deborah Prothow-Smith, Commissioner from 1987 to 1989, the first woman to hold this position.

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Pauline Hopkins, a Black high school student in Boston, won the first prize of 'ten dollars in gold,' offered by the Congregational Publishing Society of Boston in 1895 for her essay on the 'Evils of Intemperance and Their Remedies.' She went on to become a writer for theColored American

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

'Black Nativity,' a folk-song rendering of the Christian story based on Langston Hughes's gospel song-play about the birth of Christ, has become an annual tradition in Boston since 1969. First presented in the Elma Lewis School of Fine Arts, it has attracted a wider audience in its performances on

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Early Political Writer

Hailed as America's first Black political writer, Maria W. Stewart, an early Boston activist, championed women's rights and Black self-improvement in a series of speeches and essays written between 1831 and 1833. She was probably the first Black American to lecture publicly in defense of

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

In the 1940s and 1950s, at the corner of Massachusetts and Columbus Avenues, stood a landmark in the history of jazz, the Hi-Hat Club. (The new Harriet Tubman House now occupies the site). Originally it was a supper club patronized by whites listening to 'white' music, but the music became

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Famous Restaurants

Small lunchrooms and restaurants were plentiful during the early 1900s in Boston's Black neighborhoods. One was the Southern Dining Room operated by Thomas E. Lucas, who advertised his place as 'cool, clean and commodious. . . . . Good food and prompt attentive service have made this a most

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Two All-Black Fighting Units

There were two all-Black units, the Massasoit Guards and the Liberty Guards in Boston in the 1850s, but they were not attached to the militia of the State because there was opposition 'to there being any Colored men belonging to the State Militia.' Many of these men eventually joined the

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Source: African Americans in Boston: More Than 350 Years

Politics Facts

Science Facts

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