[Nigeria Health Watch] Nigeria, like many other African nations with similar complexities, has had its fair share of challenges in responding to disease outbreaks. In recent years, the country has experienced multiple outbreaks of infectious diseases such as Lassa Fever, Cerebrospinal Meningitis (CSM), Ebola, resurgences of Yellow Fever and Mpox, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic. Nigeria is now facing a deadly Diphtheria outbreak, and as of July 2023, there have been 579 confirmed cases with a case fatality rate of 6.7% among