National name: Jumhuriyat Misr al-Arabiyah

Current government officials

Languages: Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by educated classes

Ethnicity/race: Egyptian 99.6%, other 0.4% (2006 census)

National Holiday: Revolution Day, July 23

Religions: Muslim (predominantly Sunni) 90%, Christian (majority Coptic Orthodox, other Christians include Armenian Apostolic, Catholic, Maronite, Orthodox, and Anglican) 10% (2012 est.)

Literacy rate: 73.9% (2012 est.)

Economic summary: GDP/PPP $551.4 billion (2013 est.); per capita $6,600. Real growth rate: 1.8%. Inflation: 9%. Unemployment: 13.4%. Arable land: 2.87%. Agriculture: cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans, fruits, vegetables; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats. Labor force: 27.69 million (2013); agriculture 29%, industry 24%, services 47% (2011 est.). Industries: textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, hydrocarbons, construction, cement, metals, light manufactures. Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, manganese, limestone, gypsum, talc, asbestos, lead, zinc. Exports: $24.81 billion (2013 est.): crude oil and petroleum products, cotton, textiles, metal products, chemicals. Imports: $59.22 billion (2013 est.): machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, wood products, fuels. Major trading partners: Italy, U.S., Germany, China, UK, Saudi Arabia, India, Turkey, Libya, Ukraine, Russia (2012).

Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 8.557 million (2012); mobile cellular: 96.8 million (2012). Broadcast media: mix of state-run and private broadcast media; state-run TV operates 2 national and 6 regional terrestrial networks as well as a few satellite channels; about 20 private satellite channels and a large number of Arabic satellite channels are available via subscription; state-run radio operates about 70 stations belonging to 8 networks; 2 privately owned radio stations operational (2008). Internet hosts: 200,430 (2012). Internet users: 20.136 million (2009).

Transportation: Railways:

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