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(1914) John Edward Bruce, “Sons of Africa”
In 1913, 57-year-old John Edward Bruce, one of the leading black nationalist figures in the United States, founded the Loyal Order of the Sons of Africa with the goal of freeing the African continent from colonialism and unifying its people.  In the speech below, given at an undisclosed
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by Center for Critical Race and Digital Studies
Simpson, O. J.
Simpson, O. J. (Orenthal James Simpson), 1947–, American football player, b. San Francisco. As a running back for the Univ. of Southern California, he won the Heisman Trophy as the best college player of 1968. The Juice played with the Buffalo Bills (1969–77) and San Francisco 49ers (1978–79) and
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Source: Fact Monster - Black History
(1965) Lyndon B. Johnson, "To Fulfill These Rights"
On June 4, 1965 U.S. President Lyndon Baines Johnson gave the Commencement Address at Howard University in Washington, D.C.  He used the occasion to remind his audience and the nation of the long history of racial discrimination and urged the American people to end racial discrimination as the most
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by Association of Latino Professionals For America (ALPFA) Boston Professional Chapter
Jun
4
1965
(1899) Lucy Craft Laney, “The Burden of the Educated Colored Woman”
Lucy Craft Laney was born in Macon, Georgia, in 1854, into a family of ten children. Taught to read and write by her mother, a domestic worker, she graduated from Macons Lewis High School and entered Atlanta University at the age of fifteen and graduated in 1873. Laney taught in the Georgia public
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Source: Black Past
(1970) Congresswoman Shirley Chisholm, “I Am For the Equal Rights Amendment.”
Shirley Anita St. Hill Chisholm became in 1968 the first African American woman elected to Congress.  Four years later in 1972, she launched a bid to become the Democratic nominee for President of the United States, another first for an African American woman.  Throughout her career in Congress
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Source: Black Past
Aug
10
1970
President Nixon rejected the sixty demands of the
President Nixon rejected the sixty demands of the Congressional Black Caucus, saying his administration would continue to support jobs, income and tangible benefits, the pledges that this society has made to the disadvantaged in the past decade. The caucus expressed deep disappointment with the
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Source: Blackfacts.com
Sponsored by Christo Rey New York High School
May
18
1971
Liberia
Lying on the Atlantic in the southern part of West Africa, Liberia is bordered by Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Côte dIvoire. It is comparable in size to Tennessee. Most of the country is a plateau covered by dense tropical forests, which thrive under an annual rainfall of about 160
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Source: Fact Monster - Black History
Sponsored by Museum of African American History in Massachusetts
Apr
12
1980
Blacks meet to protest
Philadelphia Blacks held meetings at Bethel Church to protest colonization societys campaign to exile us from the land of our nativity.
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Source: Blackfacts.com
Jan
10
1811
Baraka, Amiri
Baraka, Amiri amērē bərä´kə [key], 1934–2014, American poet, playwright, and political activist, b. Newark, N.J., as Everett LeRoy Jones, studied at Rutgers Univ., Howard Univ. In college he adopted the name LeRoi Jones. In the 1950s he moved to Greenwich Village, where he associated with writers
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Source: Fact Monster - Black History
(1884), Alexander Crummell, “Excellence, an End of the Trained Intellect”
In an address to women of  the graduating class of the Colored High School in Washington, D.C. on  June 6th 1884, Rev. Alexander Crummell urges them to put their intellect and their education in the service of racial advancement.  The address appears
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Source: Black Past
(1849) Sarah C. Roberts v. The City of Boston
SUPREME COURT OF MASSACHUSETTS, SUFFOLK
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Source: Black Past
(2017) New Orleans Mayor Mitch Landrieu's Address on the Removal of Confederate Monuments in New Orleans
On May 19, 2017, New Orleans, Louisiana Mayor Mitch Landrieu addressed an audience in his city as a backdrop and explanation of the city’s recent decision to remove statutes of General Robert E. Lee and other Confederate military and political leaders from public squares in New Orleans.  His speech
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Source: Black Past
May
19
2017
Tupac in Sarajevo: The Rise of Rebellion Rap in Eastern Europe
Vildana Muratovic, a native of Bosnia-Herzegovina and now a citizen of the United States, describes the impact of hip-hop music on the people of the Balkans following her 1997 return to Sarajevo.  Her paper was written in
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by Concerned Black Men of Massachusetts
Constitution of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, 1918
The Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities’ League is a social, friendly, humanitarian, charitable, educational, institutional, constructive and expansive society, and is founded by persons desiring to the utmost to work for the general uplift of the Negro peoples of the
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by APEX Museum
(1968) Martin Luther King, Jr., “I’ve Been to the Mountaintop”
The following speech, a sermon Dr. Martin Luther King gave at Mason Temple in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 3, 1968, was the last public appearance before his assassination the next day.  King, in Memphis to support a strike by garbage workers, gives a poignant vision of the victorious future of the
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Source: Black Past
Apr
3
1968
Hall, Stuart (1932-2014)
Stuart Hall was a leading 20th Century cultural theorist and a sociologist. Hall, widely known as a founder of British Cultural Studies and the Birmingham School of Cultural Studies, pioneered theories of multiculturalism. He is generally credited with expanding the field of cultural studies to
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by Intellitech
Feb
10
2014
Henrietta Lacks and the Debate Over the Ethics of Bio-Medical Research
In the article below Clarence Spigner, DrPH., Professor of Health Services in the School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, briefly describes the saga of Henrietta Lacks whose cells have been used without her family’s permission for over sixty years of bio-medical
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Source: Black Past
Sponsored by NSBE Boston
Oct
4
1951
Christopher Columbus
Following the introduction of cattle into the Caribbean in 1493, during Christopher Columbus’s second voyage, cattle ranching proliferated along a series of frontiers across the grasslands of North and South America. While historians have recognized that Africans and their descendants were involved
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Source: Black Past
(1959) Nnamdi Azikiwe Addresses the NAACP Convention on the Organization's 50th Anniversary
Nnamdi Azikiwe, by now the best know nationalist leader in Nigeria, addressed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) at its 50th anniversary celebration at the Polo Grounds, New York City, July 19, 1959. His speech appears
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Source: Black Past
Jul
19
1959
A. Philip Randolph
Asa Philip Randolph was born on April 15, 1889 in Crescent City, Florida, to a Methodist Minister, James Randolph. In 1891, the Randolph family, strong supporters of equal rights for African Americans, moved to
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Source: Black History Resources
May
16
1979
Border Love on the Rio Grande: African American Men and Latinas in the Rio Grande Valley of South Texas (1850-1940)
The area of South Texas known as the Lower Rio Grande Valley became in the period between the U.S. Civil War and World War I one of the few regions south of the Mason-Dixon Line where racial miscegenation laws were frequently challenged.  As a consequence a small but significant number of prominent
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Source: Black Past
Abolitionist Society Organized
First abolitionist society in United States organized in Philadelphia.
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Source: Blackfacts.com
Sponsored by Pride Academy
Apr
14
1775
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
May 17, 1954, Decided
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Source: Black Past
The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed | An Online Reference Guide to African American History by Professor Quintard Taylor, University of Washington
Home
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Source: Black Past
Jan
10
1945
(1832) Maria W. Stewart, “Why Sit Ye Here and Die?”
Maria W. Stewart (1803-1879) was one of the first American women to leave copies of her speeches. The address below is her second public lecture. It was given on September 21, 1832 in Franklin Hall in Boston, the meeting site of the new England Anti-Slavery Society. Although as an abolitionist, she
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Source: Black Past
Sep
21
1832
Ellison, Ralph
Ellison, Ralph (Ralph Waldo Ellison), 1914–94, African-American author, b. Oklahoma City studied Tuskegee Institute (now Tuskegee Univ.). Originally a trumpet player and aspiring composer, he moved (1936) to New York City, where he met Langston Hughes , who became his mentor, and became friends
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Source: Fact Monster - Black History
(2013) Ben Carson's Speech at the National Prayer Breakfast
On February 7, 2013 prominent neurosurgeon Dr. Ben Carson became a nationally recognized political figure when he gave a speech at the National Prayer Breakfast in Washington, D.C. that was critical of President Obamas policies and particularly Obamacare when the President and First Lady Michelle
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Source: Black Past
Feb
7
2013
Henderson, George Washington (c. 1850-1936)
Born a slave in Clark County, Virginia, George Washington Henderson graduated from the University of Vermont in 1877 and became the first African American to be inducted into Phi Beta Kappa (PBK), the highest academic honor society. He later received a bachelor’s degree in divinity from Yale
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Source: Black Past
Feb
3
1936
Dexter Avenue Baptist Church [Montgomery] (1883-- )
The Dexter Avenue Baptist Church was built in 1883 on the corner of Dexter Avenue and Decatur Street in Montgomery, Alabama.  The church served as a meeting place and planning hub for some of the most influential actions of the Civil Rights movement throughout the first half of the twentieth
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Source: Black Past
Algeria
U.S. Department of State Background Note
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Source: Fact Monster - Black History
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