[spotlight] South Africa is doing well on some of the UNAIDS HIV targets for 2020, but one target we are set to miss is ensuring that 90% of people diagnosed with HIV are on antiretroviral therapy (ART). According to the latest estimates from the Thembisa model, a leading mathematical model of HIV in South Africa, only around seven out of ten people diagnosed with HIV in the country were on ART in 2019. This can either be because people never started taking treatment, or because people started and then stopped.