Dr Asha Pemberton
teenhealth.tt@gmail.com
Over recent years, research and statistics have demonstrated an increase in youth involvement in crime. Our islands unfortunately mirror global trends. When a young person enters the realm of crime, there are immediate and potentially long-lasting effects on life, livelihood and future prospects. It is important that parents understand that a child is not simply born with criminal tendencies. There are many factors which increase the risk of youth crime. Understanding these risk factors can assist parents in preventative parenting strategies as well as interventions for those already on that path.
Education and school engagement
One of the major contributing factors to juvenile crime is lack of education. Adolescents who are not engaged in school have undiagnosed or under-treated learning disabilities, or who cannot access school due to social issues or finances are all at a significant disadvantage. Poor school attendance or truancy create extra 'free time' without supervision or purpose. These vulnerable young people inevitably become attracted to mischief which can escalate to petty and then more serious crimes if left unchecked. In addition, parents should never discount the importance of school and education toward learning fundamental life skills. Undereducated young people often lack understanding about important aspects of life, planning and goal-setting. They remain easily lured by the appeal of illegal trades, hustling and other 'quick-cash' approaches to survival. Parents should pay strong attention towards their teen's academics and school attendance, as well as promptly explore challenges with learning and school dynamics.
Peer pressure and bullying
As children enter adolescence, they yearn to be recognised and accepted by their peers and social groups. In order to fit in with their peers, there is always the risk that they succumb to peer pressure. Peer pressure can involve both positive and negative influences. It has been well demonstrated that teens cite peer pressure as one of the major reasons for engaging in risky behaviours such as reckless driving, substance abuse, alcohol, sexual exploration and criminal activity. Many times, simple criminal acts begin as a dare, challenge or bet. Frequently, youth who are perceived as 'weak' or 'soft' are challenged to participate as a way of proving themselves. While some risk taking is to be expected in adolescence, it is important for parents to remain as connected as they can be with young people to provide a buffer to these influences, as well as support healthy self esteem development.
Poor mental health and substance abuse
Brain development occurs at rapid rates during adolescence. The effect of alcohol and substances on teen behaviour and teen development are critical. Substances can lower inhibitions, affect judgment and impact the ability to evaluate risks. Drugs and alcoho
