Jump Jim Crow: The Story Behind Blackface

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Jump Jim Crow: The Story Behind Blackface

In 1828, a white New Yorker and comedian named Thomas Dartmouth “Daddy” Rice perform Jump Jim Crow. Dressed in blackface, the character was inspired by the mocking of a disabled black man Rice had seen dancing in Ohio, named Jim Crow. Rice’s performances of Jump Jim Crow engendered a largely popular movement of blackface. Over […]

Source: Black Then

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School enrollment

Black students enroll in classes at Oberlin College, Ohio.

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May

21

1833

Officers killed three students during

Officers killed three students during demonstration on the campus of South Carolina State in Orangeburg, South Carolina. Students were protesting segregation at an Orangeburg bowling alley.

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Feb

8

1968

Bodies of three civil rights workers discovered on

Bodies of three civil rights workers discovered on farm near Philadelphia, Mississippi. Three young men, two white and one Black, had been missing since June 21. FBI said they were murdered on night of their disappearance by segregationists. Eighteen whites, including several police officers, were

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Aug

4

1964

Hoping To End Segregation in St. Louis

CORE chapter pressed sit-in campaign designed to end segregation in downtown facilities in St. Louis.

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Nov

25

1949

Andrew Brimmer appointed to Fed. Reserve Bd.

Andrew Brimmer becomes the first African-American governor of the Federal Reserve Board when he is appointed by President Johnson

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Feb

10

1966

Thaddeus Stevens (1792-1868).

Born in Danville, Vermont, in 1792, he graduated from Dartmouth in 1814, and moved to York, Pennsylvania. He was admitted to the bar and practiced law in Gettysburg, PA for fourteen

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Jul

4

1861

Prince Hall Masonry founded

Prince Hall founded Africa Lodge No. 1. It was the first Black Lodge of Free Masons in the United States.

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Jul

3

1775

Executive Order 9808

In the aftermath of World War II, mob violence and lynching of Black Americans, in conjunction with the continuing controversy about segregation in American society, led President Harry S. Truman to issue Executive Order 9808 on this day which set up a committee to study the protection of civil

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Dec

5

1946

The Reverend Emmanuel Cleaver

The Reverend Emmanuel Cleaver becomes the first African American mayor of Kansas City, Mo.

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Mar

26

1991

One-Man Show of Art

One-Man Show of Art by Negro, First of Kind Here, Opens Today, read the headline of a front-page article in The New York Times on this day. The article announced the opening of Archibald J. Motley, Jrs show at the New Gallery on Madison Avenue. This was the first time in History that an artist had

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Feb

25

1928

Bus with first group of Freedom Riders bombed and

Bus with first group of Freedom Riders bombed and burned by segregationists outside Anniston, Alabama. Group was attacked in Anniston and Birmingham.

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May

14

1961

Segregation Movements

Tennessee started modern segregation movement with Jim Crow railroad car and was followed by Florida (1887), Mississippi (1888), Texas (1889), Louisiana (1890), Alabama, Kentucky, Arkansas and Georgia (1891), South Carolina (1898), North Carolina (1899), Virginia (1900), Maryland (1904), Oklahoma

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Dec

24

1881

David Norman Dinkins began his first working day as mayor

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Jan

2

1990

First black doctor in US

James Derham was the first black doctor in the United States.

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Jan

0

2000

Harriet Tubman born

*Possible* date of Harriet Tubmans birth. Born into slavery in Maryland, Tubman escaped to the North only to return in over 80 trips to help other blacks escape their bondage. As part of the Underground Railroad, Tubman helped more than 300 African Americans escape slavery.

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Jan

0

1999

Black Men and Women Elected To Congress

A record number of Black congressmen and the first Black woman representative were elected to Congress. The nine Black congressmen and Sen. Edward W. Brooke topped the previous high of eight in the Forty-fourth Congress of 1875-77. The first Black woman representative, Shirley Chisholm of the

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Nov

5

1968

Death of George Washington Williams

Death of George Washington Williams (41), Blackpool, England. Williams served in the Ohio House of Representatives from 1880 to 1881, during the 64th session of the General Assembly. He was the first African-American to serve in the Ohio Legislature.

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Aug

4

1891

Emmet Ashford becomes the first African American

Emmet Ashford becomes the first African American major league umpire when he is named to the American League

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Apr

12

1966

First African American Before US Supreme Court

John Sweat Rock (1825-1866), a noted Boston lawyer, became in 1865 the first African-American to practice before the U.S. Supreme Court and the first Black person to speak before the U.S. House of Representatives.

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Feb

1

1865

Court Decision in Favor of Segregation

U.S. Supreme Court refused to review lower court decision which would ban segregation in intrastate bus travel.

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Apr

23

1955

On this day in 1874, Congressman Robert Brown Elliot deliveredone of the most

On this day in 1874, Congressman Robert Brown Elliot delivered

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Jan

6

1874

General Jackson Reneges On His Promise

General Jackson Reneges On His Promise: General Jackson, on order to prepare to meet Packenham, the British General, in the contest at New Orleans, came into the plantation fields to enlist five hundred Negro slaves. These are General Jackson comments: Had you not as soon go into battle an

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Oct

12

2002

United States population: 5,308,483

United States population: 5,308,483. Black population 1,002,037 (18.9 per cent).

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Jan

30

1800

First Black Woman to Head a Medical School in the

Barbara Ross-Lee, practicing family physician, Naval officer, and medical educator, assumed the position as dean of Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine in East Lansing Michigan. This position made her the first Black woman to head a medical school in the United States.

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Aug

1

1993

Racial segregation in Washington, D.C.,

Racial segregation in Washington, D.C., restaurants ruled illegal by Municipal Court of Appeals.

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May

24

1951

Katherine Dunham, dancer/anthropologist born

Katherine Dunham

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Jun

22

1912

Ellen Holly becomes the first African American on

Ellen Holly becomes the first African American on daytime television as Carla on One Life to Live.

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Jun

15

1968

Journalist Ralph Waldo Tyler born

Birthday of Ralph Waldo Tyler, journalist, Auditor-General of the Navy and World War I foreign correspondent. Te oldest of 12 children, Tyler is believed to have been born in Ohio. He attended elementary and high schools in Columbus, Ohio, studied a year in Baldwin,Missouri, and began teaching

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Mar

18

1860

Pan-African Congress Meeting

Pan-African Congress, organized by W.E.B. Du Bois, met a Grand Hotel, Paris. There were fifty-seven delegates sixteen from the United States and fourteen from Africa form sixteen countries and colonies. Blaise Diagne of Senegal was elected president and Du Bois was named secretary.

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Feb

19

1919

Black Youths Urged to Resit Induction

A. Phillip Randolph told Senate Armed Services Committee that unless segregation and discrimination were banned in draft programs he would urge Black youths to resist induction by civil disobedience.

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Mar

31

1948

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